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7075 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade K Steel

7075 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade K steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 7075 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.8 to 12
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 110 to 190
440
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 150 to 340
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 240 to 590
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 120 to 510
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 380
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 33
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 98
8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
4.4
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 1120
57

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 7.8 to 44
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110 to 1870
1010
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 54
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 28 to 52
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 50
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 25
23

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 86.9 to 91.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.18
Chromium (Cr), % 0.18 to 0.28
1.0 to 1.8
Copper (Cu), % 1.2 to 2.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
93.4 to 96.6
Magnesium (Mg), % 2.1 to 2.9
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.3
0.1 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0
2.0 to 3.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 5.1 to 6.1
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0