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ACI-ASTM CA40 Steel vs. ASTM A227 Spring Steel

Both ACI-ASTM CA40 steel and ASTM A227 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ACI-ASTM CA40 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A227 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 310
500 to 640
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 10
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 460
900 to 1160
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 910
1720 to 2220
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 860
1430 to 1850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 750
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1500
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 89
200 to 260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 33
61 to 79
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27
41 to 48
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.7
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 33
55 to 71

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.4
0.45 to 0.85
Chromium (Cr), % 11.5 to 14
0
Iron (Fe), % 81.5 to 88.3
97.4 to 99.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.3 to 1.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 1.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050