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AISI 304 Stainless Steel vs. 7475 Aluminum

AISI 304 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7475 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 7475 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
70
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 43
10 to 12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 440
190 to 210
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
26
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 690
320 to 350
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 1180
530 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 860
440 to 520

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
380
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
140 to 160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
33 to 42
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
98 to 120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 43
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
1130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 86 to 250
53 to 68
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 1870
1390 to 1920
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 42
49 to 55
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 32
48 to 52
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
53 to 63
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
23 to 26

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
88.6 to 91.6
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
0.18 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.2 to 1.9
Iron (Fe), % 66.5 to 74
0 to 0.12
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.9 to 2.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.060
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.060
Zinc (Zn), % 0
5.1 to 6.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15