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AISI 304L Stainless Steel vs. AISI 445 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 304L stainless steel and AISI 445 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 90% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 34 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304L stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 445 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 350
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.7 to 46
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 430
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Rockwell B Hardness 79
71
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
78
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 680
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540 to 1160
480
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 870
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 420
480
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 540
950
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 44
38
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
130

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 20
20
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 71 to 240
98
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 92 to 1900
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 41
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 31
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
5.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 65 to 74
74.9 to 80.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 12
0 to 0.6
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.8
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.012