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AISI 305 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340 Steel

Both AISI 305 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4340 steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 305 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 220
210 to 360
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 45
12 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 280
330 to 740
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 470
430 to 770
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 710
690 to 1280
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
470 to 1150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 540
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
3.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
53

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 210
79 to 170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 320
590 to 3490
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 25
24 to 45
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
22 to 33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
20 to 38

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0.7 to 0.9
Iron (Fe), % 65.1 to 72.5
95.1 to 96.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 10.5 to 13
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040

Comparable Variants