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AISI 309 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 441 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 309 stainless steel and AISI 441 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 309 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 441 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 210
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 47
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Rockwell B Hardness 84
77
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
77
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 470
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 710
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 350
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
280
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 440
550
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 980
910
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
23
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
2.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
3.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
13
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 51
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
130

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 23
19
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
92
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170 to 310
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
6.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 16
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 22 to 24
17.5 to 19.5
Iron (Fe), % 58 to 66
76 to 82.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 12 to 15
0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.3 to 0.9
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.1 to 0.5