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AISI 321 Stainless Steel vs. Automotive Malleable Cast Iron

Both AISI 321 stainless steel and automotive malleable cast iron are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321 stainless steel and the bottom bar is automotive malleable cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 210
130 to 290
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
180
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 50
1.0 to 10
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
70
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 690
350 to 720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 350
220 to 590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190 to 230
6.8 to 30
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 310
130 to 950
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
13 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
14 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
9.9 to 21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
2.2 to 2.9
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 74
93.6 to 96.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.15 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0.020 to 0.15
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.9 to 1.9
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0.020 to 0.2
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0