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AISI 409 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel

Both AISI 409 stainless steel and SAE-AISI D4 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 409 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 24
8.4 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
310 to 920
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
74
Shear Strength, MPa 270
460 to 1210
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
760 to 2060
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200
470 to 1540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
4.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
5.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
8.0
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 94
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 11
15
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83
100 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
27 to 75
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
24 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.7
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
2.1 to 2.4
Chromium (Cr), % 10.5 to 11.7
11 to 13
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 84.9 to 89.5
80.6 to 86.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.75
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 1.0