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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 305 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 420 stainless steel and AISI 305 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 305 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
170 to 220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
34 to 45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
210 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
77
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
400 to 470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
580 to 710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
230 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 390
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
540
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
16
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 14
18
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
200 to 210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
130 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
20 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
20 to 23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
13 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
17 to 19
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
65.1 to 72.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
10.5 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030