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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 444 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 420 stainless steel and AISI 444 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 92% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 444 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Rockwell B Hardness 84
83
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
78
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 390
580
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
23
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
15
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
47
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
130

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 14
26
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
6.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0 to 0.025
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
17.5 to 19.5
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
73.3 to 80.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
1.8 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.2 to 0.8
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.035
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.2 to 0.8