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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade K Steel

Both AISI 420 stainless steel and ASTM A372 grade K steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
440
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
73
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
4.4
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
57

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 14
2.7
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
1010
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
23

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0 to 0.18
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
1.0 to 1.8
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
93.4 to 96.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.1 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
2.0 to 3.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010