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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1040 Steel

Both AISI 420 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 1040 steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
160 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
13 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
220 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
73
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
350 to 390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
570 to 640
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
320 to 530

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
79 to 96
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
270 to 760
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
20 to 23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
19 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
18 to 20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0.37 to 0.44
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
98.6 to 99.03
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.6 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050