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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4650 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and EN 1.4650 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4650 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
48
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
230
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
440
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
620
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
970
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
16
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
18.5 to 20
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
65.8 to 72.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
9.0 to 10
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.080
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0