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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. S35500 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and S35500 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 78% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is S35500 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
690 to 730
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
810 to 910
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
1330 to 1490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
1200 to 1280

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
870
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
16
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
47
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
180 to 190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
47 to 53
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
34 to 37
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
44 to 49

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.1 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
15 to 16
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
73.2 to 77.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.5 to 1.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.5 to 3.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.0 to 5.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.1 to 0.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.070 to 0.13
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0