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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.3940 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and EN 1.3940 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.3940 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
540
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
17
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
47
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
16.5 to 18.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
64.2 to 71.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
12 to 14
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.1 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0