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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4335 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and EN 1.4335 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 55% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4335 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
25
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
4.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
62
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
210
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
24 to 26
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
49.4 to 56
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
20 to 22
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.010
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0