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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4578 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and EN 1.4578 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 67% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4578 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
19
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
51
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
220
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
16.5 to 17.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.0 to 3.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
62.3 to 68.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
10 to 11
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0