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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.7221 Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and EN 1.7221 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.7221 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
200 to 230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
11 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
290 to 390
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
650 to 780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
430 to 630

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
2.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
83 to 98
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
23 to 27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
21 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
19 to 23

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.22 to 0.29
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0.8 to 1.2
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
96.8 to 98.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.5 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0