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ASTM A36 Carbon Steel vs. AISI 312 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A36 carbon steel and AISI 312 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A36 carbon steel and the bottom bar is AISI 312 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 22
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Shear Strength, MPa 300
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 480
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290
510

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 12
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 14
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
17
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 44
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 92
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220
640
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.26
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
24 to 26
Iron (Fe), % 99.25 to 100
62.2 to 69.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.2 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 6.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.14 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030