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ASTM A36 Carbon Steel vs. AISI 405 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A36 carbon steel and AISI 405 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A36 carbon steel and the bottom bar is AISI 405 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 22
22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 300
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 480
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
820
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 12
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 14
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 44
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 92
84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.1 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.26
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11.5 to 14.5
Iron (Fe), % 99.25 to 100
82.5 to 88.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030