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ASTM A36 Carbon Steel vs. SAE-AISI S4 Steel

Both ASTM A36 carbon steel and SAE-AISI S4 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A36 carbon steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI S4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 480
670 to 2140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 12
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 14
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.2
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
29
Embodied Water, L/kg 44
48

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
24 to 77
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17
22 to 48
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
20 to 65

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.26
0.5 to 0.65
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.1 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 99.25 to 100
95.2 to 96.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.6 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
1.8 to 2.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.35