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AZ31C Magnesium vs. SAE-AISI P5 Steel

AZ31C magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI P5 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AZ31C magnesium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P5 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 45
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 17
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 260
370 to 1980

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 350
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 990
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
45
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 26
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 19
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 98
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
2.8
Density, g/cm3 1.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 23
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 970
56

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 70
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 42
13 to 70
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 53
15 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 74
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
12 to 65

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 2.4 to 3.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
2.0 to 2.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0
95.7 to 97.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 93.4 to 97
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 1.0
0.2 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.35
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0.5 to 1.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.3
0