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AZ91D Magnesium vs. AWS E312

AZ91D magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while AWS E312 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (15, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AZ91D magnesium and the bottom bar is AWS E312.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 46
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.3 to 4.5
25
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 18
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 160 to 220
740

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 350
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 490
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 990
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 27
15

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
20
Density, g/cm3 1.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 22
3.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
52
Embodied Water, L/kg 990
200

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 69
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 34
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 46
24
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.5 to 13
18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 8.3 to 9.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
28 to 32
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.0050
52.3 to 63.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 88.7 to 91.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.5
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.0020
8.0 to 10.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0.35 to 1.0
0