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Monel 400 vs. ASTM A387 Grade 91 Class 2

Monel 400 belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 91 class 2 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is Monel 400 and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 91 class 2.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 160
190
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 40
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 290
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 62
75
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 490
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540 to 780
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 210 to 590
470

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1000
600
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1350
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1300
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 430
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 23
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.3
8.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.4
10

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 50
7.0
Density, g/cm3 8.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 110
37
Embodied Water, L/kg 250
88

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 180
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 1080
580
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 10
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 21
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 25
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 21
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.1
6.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 25
19

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.020
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.3
0.080 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0
8.0 to 9.5
Copper (Cu), % 28 to 34
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 2.5
87.3 to 90.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.85 to 1.1
Nickel (Ni), % 63 to 72
0 to 0.4
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.060 to 0.1
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.030 to 0.070
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.024
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.010
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.18 to 0.25
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.010