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SAE-AISI 1020 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1050 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1020 steel and SAE-AISI 1050 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1020 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1050 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120 to 130
200 to 220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17 to 28
11 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 250
260 to 400
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 45 to 57
34 to 45
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 280
430 to 470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 430 to 460
690 to 790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 240 to 380
390 to 650

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 11
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 12
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 72 to 100
81 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150 to 380
400 to 1130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 16
25 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 17
22 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 14
22 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.23
0.48 to 0.55
Iron (Fe), % 99.08 to 99.52
98.5 to 98.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.050

Comparable Variants