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SAE-AISI 1040 Steel vs. AISI 439 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1040 steel and AISI 439 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 81% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 439 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 180
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 20
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 340
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 40 to 45
51
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 350 to 390
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 640
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320 to 530
250

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
890
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
3.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
34
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 96
95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 270 to 760
160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 23
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 21
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 20
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.15
Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17 to 19
Iron (Fe), % 98.6 to 99.03
77.1 to 82.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.2 to 1.1