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SAE-AISI 1045 Steel vs. AISI 416 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1045 steel and AISI 416 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1045 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 416 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 190
230 to 320
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 18
13 to 31
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 370
230 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
76
Shear Strength, MPa 380 to 410
340 to 480
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620 to 680
510 to 800
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 330 to 580
290 to 600

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
680
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
9.9

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 93
98 to 140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 300 to 900
220 to 940
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 24
18 to 29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 22
18 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 22
19 to 30

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.43 to 0.5
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 99
83.2 to 87.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0.15 to 0.35