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SAE-AISI 1045 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1078 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1045 steel and SAE-AISI 1078 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1045 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1078 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 190
220 to 230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 18
11 to 14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 370
270 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 40 to 51
34 to 45
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
72
Shear Strength, MPa 380 to 410
440 to 470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620 to 680
730 to 780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 330 to 580
430 to 570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 93
77 to 90
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 300 to 900
490 to 860
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 24
26 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 22
23 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 22
25 to 26

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.43 to 0.5
0.72 to 0.85
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 99
98.5 to 99
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.3 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.050

Comparable Variants