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SAE-AISI 1090 Steel vs. AISI 420 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1090 steel and AISI 420 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 420 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 220 to 280
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
8.0 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320 to 380
220 to 670
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
76
Shear Strength, MPa 470 to 570
420 to 1010
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 950
690 to 1720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 520 to 610
380 to 1310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
620
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
3.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
3.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
7.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82 to 91
88 to 130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 730 to 1000
380 to 4410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 34
25 to 62
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
22 to 41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
7.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 31
25 to 62

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.85 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 98.6
82.3 to 87.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.75
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030