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SAE-AISI 1090 Steel vs. AISI 440C Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1090 steel and AISI 440C stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 440C stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 11
2.0 to 14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320 to 380
260 to 840
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
76
Shear Strength, MPa 470 to 570
430 to 1120
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 950
710 to 1970
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 520 to 610
450 to 1900

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
870
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1480
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
22
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
2.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82 to 91
39 to 88
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 34
26 to 71
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
23 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
6.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 31
26 to 71

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.85 to 1.0
1.0 to 1.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0
16 to 18
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 98.6
78 to 83.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.75
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.015