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SAE-AISI 1090 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1039 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1090 steel and SAE-AISI 1039 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1039 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 220 to 280
180 to 200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
14 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320 to 380
230 to 370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 28 to 45
40 to 45
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 470 to 570
380 to 420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 950
610 to 690
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 520 to 610
340 to 580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82 to 91
88 to 94
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 730 to 1000
310 to 890
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 34
22 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 31
19 to 22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.85 to 1.0
0.37 to 0.44
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 98.6
98.5 to 98.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.7 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.050

Comparable Variants