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SAE-AISI 4140 Steel vs. AISI 446 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4140 steel and AISI 446 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 75% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4140 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 446 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 310
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 26
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 360 to 650
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 660
360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1080
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 590 to 990
300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
1.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
35
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 74 to 180
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 920 to 2590
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 38
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 30
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
4.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 32
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
23 to 27
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.8
69.2 to 77
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.75
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030