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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. ACI-ASTM CG12 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and ACI-ASTM CG12 steel are iron alloys. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CG12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
1040
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
18
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
160

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
22
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
20 to 23
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
60.3 to 70
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
10 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0