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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. AISI 205 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and AISI 205 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 69% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is AISI 205 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
210 to 440
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
11 to 51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
410 to 640
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
560 to 850
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
800 to 1430
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
450 to 1100

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
880
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
18

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
37
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
23
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
150 to 430
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
510 to 3060
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
29 to 52
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
25 to 37
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
16 to 29

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0.12 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
16.5 to 18.5
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
62.6 to 68.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
14 to 15.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
1.0 to 1.7
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.32 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0