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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1090 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and SAE-AISI 1090 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
220 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
320 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
72
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
470 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
790 to 950
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
520 to 610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
82 to 91
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
730 to 1000
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
28 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
25 to 31

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0.85 to 1.0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
98 to 98.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0.6 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.050
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0