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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. N08904 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and N08904 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 50% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is N08904 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
38
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
79
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
540
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
1.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
32
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
5.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
79
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
200

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
37
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
3.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
19 to 23
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.0 to 2.0
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
38.8 to 53
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
4.0 to 5.0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
23 to 28
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.035
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0