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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. R31233 Cobalt

SAE-AISI 4340M steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while R31233 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is R31233 cobalt.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
220
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
85
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
1020
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
420

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1350
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1330
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
2.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
8.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
480

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
33
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
3.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
25

Alloy Composition

Boron (B), % 0
0 to 0.015
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0.020 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
23.5 to 27.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
44.7 to 63.3
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
1.0 to 5.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0.1 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
4.0 to 6.0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
7.0 to 11
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.030 to 0.12
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0.050 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.020
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.0 to 3.0
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0