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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. S21800 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and S21800 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 67% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is S21800 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
75
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
740
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
340
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
900
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1310
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
500
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
19
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
250
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
390
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
24
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
16 to 18
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
59.1 to 65.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
7.0 to 9.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
8.0 to 9.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.080 to 0.18
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
3.5 to 4.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0