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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. S31100 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and S31100 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is S31100 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
270
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
4.5
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Rockwell C Hardness 55
28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
79
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
580
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
1000
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
710

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
16
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
44
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
170

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
26
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
40
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
1240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
28

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.060
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
25 to 27
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
63.6 to 69
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
6.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0