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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. S31655 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and S31655 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is S31655 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
39
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
300
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
78
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
17
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
46
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
160

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
27
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
310
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
19.5 to 21.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
63.2 to 71.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0.5 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
8.0 to 9.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.14 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0