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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. S43940 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and S43940 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is S43940 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
280

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
890
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
3.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
38
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
120

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
18
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
86
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
200
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
6.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
17.5 to 18.5
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
78.2 to 82.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.1 to 0.6
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0