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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. S82012 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and S82012 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 78% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is S82012 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
480
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Rockwell C Hardness 55
27
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
78
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
550
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
800
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
950
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
35
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
140

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
24
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
290
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
790
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
23

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
19 to 20.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
71.3 to 77.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
2.0 to 4.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0.1 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0.8 to 1.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.16 to 0.26
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.0050
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0