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SAE-AISI 5140 Steel vs. Ductile Cast Iron

Both SAE-AISI 5140 steel and ductile cast iron are iron alloys. They have a very high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 5140 steel and the bottom bar is ductile cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 290
160 to 310
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
170 to 180
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 29
2.1 to 20
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28 to 0.31
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
64 to 70
Shear Strength, MPa 360 to 600
420 to 800
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 560 to 970
460 to 920
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 840
310 to 670

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1160
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1120
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
31 to 36
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.8 to 9.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.1 to 7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
43

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 76 to 180
17 to 80
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 1880
280 to 1330
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12 to 14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24 to 26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 34
17 to 35
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 28
18 to 29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
8.9 to 10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 29
17 to 35

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
3.0 to 3.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Iron (Fe), % 97.3 to 98.1
93.7 to 95.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.080
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
1.5 to 2.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0