Titanium 4-4-2 vs. Grade 23 Titanium
Both titanium 4-4-2 and grade 23 titanium are titanium alloys. They have a moderately high 93% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is titanium 4-4-2 and the bottom bar is grade 23 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 10 | |
| 6.7 to 11 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 590 to 620 | |
| 470 to 500 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.32 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 20 | |
| 30 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 42 | |
| 40 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 690 to 750 | |
| 540 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1150 to 1250 | |
| 930 to 940 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1030 to 1080 | |
| 850 to 870 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 310 | |
| 340 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1610 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1560 | |
| 1560 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 560 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 6.7 | |
| 7.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.6 | |
| 9.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 39 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.7 | |
| 4.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 30 | |
| 38 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 480 | |
| 610 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 200 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 120 | |
| 61 to 100 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 4700 to 5160 | |
| 3430 to 3560 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 34 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 68 to 74 | |
| 58 to 59 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 52 to 55 | |
| 48 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.6 | |
| 2.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 86 to 93 | |
| 67 to 68 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 3.0 to 5.0 | |
| 5.5 to 6.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.013 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 3.0 to 5.0 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.13 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.3 to 0.7 | |
| 0 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 1.5 to 2.5 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 85.8 to 92.2 | |
| 88.1 to 91 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |