C18700 Copper vs. C31600 Bronze
Both C18700 copper and C31600 bronze are copper alloys. They have a moderately high 90% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C18700 copper and the bottom bar is C31600 bronze.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 to 9.6 | |
| 6.7 to 28 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 43 | |
| 42 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 170 to 190 | |
| 170 to 270 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 290 to 330 | |
| 270 to 460 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 230 to 250 | |
| 80 to 390 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 210 | |
| 200 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 200 | |
| 180 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1080 | |
| 1040 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 950 | |
| 1010 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 380 | |
| 380 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 380 | |
| 140 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 18 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 98 | |
| 32 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 99 | |
| 33 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 30 | |
| 29 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 9.0 | |
| 8.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.6 | |
| 2.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 41 | |
| 43 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 24 to 29 | |
| 30 to 58 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 240 to 280 | |
| 28 to 690 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.1 | |
| 7.1 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 9.0 to 10 | |
| 8.5 to 15 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 11 to 12 | |
| 11 to 15 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 110 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 10 to 12 | |
| 9.4 to 16 |
Alloy Composition
| Copper (Cu), % | 98 to 99.2 | |
| 87.5 to 90.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0.8 to 1.5 | |
| 1.3 to 2.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0.7 to 1.2 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0.040 to 0.1 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 5.2 to 10.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |