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ASTM A572 Grade 65 (S 460 AP) HSLA Steel

ASTM A572 grade 65 is a type of ASTM A572 steel. Cited properties are appropriate for the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. It has the highest strength and lowest ductility compared to the other variants of ASTM A572 steel.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM A572 grade 65 to: wrought alloy steels in the same category (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

190

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

18 %

Fatigue Strength

340 MPa 50 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

380 MPa 56 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

620 MPa 90 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

510 MPa 74 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

400 °C 750 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2660 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2590 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

51 W/m-K 30 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.2 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.3 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.0 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.6 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

22 MJ/kg 9.4 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

47 L/kg 5.6 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

110 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

690 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

22 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

21 points

Thermal Diffusivity

14 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

18 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 97.3 to 99.5
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.5 to 1.7
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.4
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.26
Vanadium (V)V 0 to 0.15
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.050
Niobium (Nb)Nb 0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti)Ti 0 to 0.040
Nitrogen (N)N 0 to 0.015

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A572: Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel

Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993

Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015