EN 1.3549 (X89CrMoV18-1) Stainless Bearing Steel
EN 1.3549 stainless steel is a martensitic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the spheroidized condition. 1.3549 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X89CrMoV18-1 is the EN chemical designation.
It has a moderately low electrical conductivity among wrought martensitic stainless steels. In addition, it has a moderately high base cost and a moderately low thermal conductivity.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.3549 stainless steel to: wrought martensitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
77 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
730 MPa 110 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
280 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
400 °C 750 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
910 °C 1660 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1430 °C 2610 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1390 °C 2540 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
21 W/m-K 12 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
10 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.3 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.7 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
10 % relative
Density
7.7 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
37 MJ/kg 16 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
130 L/kg 15 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
22
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
27 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
24 points
Thermal Diffusivity
5.6 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
26 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.3549 stainless steel is notable for including vanadium (V). Vanadium has a strong hardening effect, but this effect is particularly sensitive to the type of tempering.
| Fe | 77.5 to 82 | |
| Cr | 17 to 19 | |
| Mo | 0.9 to 1.3 | |
| C | 0.85 to 1.0 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.0 | |
| V | 0.070 to 0.12 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ISO 683-17: Heat-treated steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 17: Ball and roller bearing steels
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996