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Full-Hard (H04) C12900 Copper

H04 C12900 copper is C12900 copper in the H04 (full hard) temper. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare H04 C12900 copper to: wrought coppers (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

120 GPa 17 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

13 %

Poisson's Ratio

0.34

Rockwell B Hardness

44

Rockwell F Hardness

89

Rockwell Superficial 30T Hardness

57

Shear Modulus

43 GPa 6.3 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

190 MPa 28 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

330 MPa 48 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

320 MPa 46 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

210 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

200 °C 390 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1080 °C 1980 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1030 °C 1880 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

390 J/kg-K 0.092 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

380 W/m-K 220 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

17 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

98 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

98 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

32 % relative

Density

9.0 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

2.6 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

41 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

330 L/kg 39 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

44 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

430 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

7.2 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

18 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

10 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

12 points

Thermal Diffusivity

110 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

12 points

Alloy Composition

Copper (Cu)Cu 99.88 to 100
Silver (Ag)Ag 0 to 0.054
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0 to 0.050
Tellurium (Te)Te 0 to 0.025
Arsenic (As)As 0 to 0.012
Lead (Pb)Pb 0 to 0.0040
Bismuth (Bi)Bi 0 to 0.0030
Antimony (Sb)Sb 0 to 0.0030

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Further Reading

CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015