SAE-AISI 1010 (S10C, G10100) Carbon Steel
SAE-AISI 1010 steel is a carbon (non-alloy) steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 1010 is the designation in both the SAE and AISI systems for this material. G10100 is the UNS number.
It has a very high electrical conductivity among wrought carbon or non-alloy steels. In addition, it has a fairly low thermal conductivity and can have a fairly low tensile strength.
The properties of SAE-AISI 1010 steel include two common variations. This page shows summary ranges across both of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare SAE-AISI 1010 steel to: wrought carbon or non-alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
100 to 110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
22 to 31 %
Fatigue Strength
150 to 230 MPa 22 to 34 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Reduction in Area
46 to 56 %
Shear Modulus
73 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
230 to 250 MPa 34 to 36 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
350 to 400 MPa 51 to 58 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
190 to 330 MPa 28 to 48 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
250 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
400 °C 750 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1470 °C 2670 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1430 °C 2600 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
47 W/m-K 27 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
12 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
12 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
14 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
1.8 % relative
Density
7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.4 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
18 MJ/kg 7.8 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
45 L/kg 5.4 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
82 to 93 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
100 to 290 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
24 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
12 to 14 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
14 to 15 points
Thermal Diffusivity
13 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
11 to 13 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 99.18 to 99.62 | |
| Mn | 0.3 to 0.6 | |
| C | 0.080 to 0.13 | |
| S | 0 to 0.050 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM A29: Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for
Carbon Steel Handbook, D. Gandy, 2007
ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1996
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008
Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015