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UNS C12000 (CW023A) Phosphorized Copper

C12000 copper is a lightly alloyed grade of copper, formulated for primary forming into wrought products. CW023A is the EN numeric designation for this material. C12000 is the UNS number. Additionally, the SAE designation is CA120. Older literature may refer to this material as DLP, but this is now discouraged.

The properties of C12000 copper include twelve common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare C12000 copper to: wrought coppers (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

120 GPa 17 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

2.8 to 50 %

Poisson's Ratio

0.34

Rockwell F Hardness

57 to 100

Rockwell Superficial 30T Hardness

27 to 70

Shear Modulus

43 GPa 6.3 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

160 to 240 MPa 24 to 34 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

230 to 410 MPa 34 to 60 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

77 to 400 MPa 11 to 58 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

210 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

200 °C 390 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1080 °C 1980 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1080 °C 1980 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

390 J/kg-K 0.092 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

390 W/m-K 220 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

17 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

98 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

98 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

31 % relative

Density

9.0 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

2.6 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

41 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

310 L/kg 37 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

10 to 91 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

25 to 690 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

7.2 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

18 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

7.2 to 13 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

9.4 to 14 points

Thermal Diffusivity

110 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

8.2 to 15 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought copper alloys, the composition of C12000 copper is notable for including phosphorus (P). Phosphorus is used as an alloy deoxidizer, and to reduce vulnerability to dezincification.

Copper (Cu)Cu 99.9 to 99.996
Phosphorus (P)P 0.0040 to 0.012

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM B111: Standard Specification for Copper and Copper-Alloy Seamless Condenser Tubes and Ferrule Stock

ASTM B152: Standard Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar

Copper Alloys: Preparation, Properties and Applications, Michael Naboka and Jennifer Giordano (editors), 2013

Copper: Its Trade, Manufacture, Use, and Environmental Status, Gunter Joseph, 2001

ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001